What principle does the M2 machine gun operate on?

The M2 machine gun operates on the long recoil principle. This means that when the weapon is fired, the entire bolt and barrel group recoils together for a significant distance before the bolt unlocks. The action allows for a more controlled movement, which helps in managing the high-energy forces generated when the weapon is fired.

This principle is particularly effective for machine guns, as it ensures reliability in cycling the action even with varying pressure from different types or brands of ammunition. The long recoil operation helps in reducing the wear and tear on components, ultimately leading to increased longevity and performance of the weapon.

Understanding the principle of operation is crucial for effective maintenance and troubleshooting, as it provides insights into how the machine gun functions and the importance of properly lubricating and maintaining those components involved in the recoil cycle.